刮研(yan)铲(chan)刮从两百年前工(gong)业革(ge)命流(liu)传下来，是(shi)机(ji)(ji)器无法取代的金属加工(gong)手艺(yi)。刮研(yan)是(shi)机(ji)(ji)械两个移动贴合面铲(chan)直、铲(chan)平(ping)、铲(chan)均(jun)匀，数控轨道滑(hua)动时刮研(yan)构成的点线面帮助机(ji)(ji)械精准移动，也让润滑(hua)油发挥(hui)中介(jie)功能，避免(mian)提早磨(mo)耗(hao)，降低机(ji)(ji)械寿命，就像高(gao)度一样的十个人(ren)撑着门(men)板可平(ping)均(jun)分摊重量(liang)，如果有人(ren)蹲下来没承(cheng)受力量(liang)，其他(ta)人(ren)因重量(liang)集中比较累……

     刮(gua)研(yan)(yan)铲刮(gua)是利用(yong)刮(gua)刀、基准表面、测量(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)和显示剂，以手(shou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操作的(de)(de)方式，边研(yan)(yan)点边测量(liang)，边刮(gua)研(yan)(yan)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件达到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺上(shang)规定的(de)(de)尺寸、几何形状(zhuang)、表面粗(cu)糙度和密合性等要求的(de)(de)一项精(jing)(jing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序。由于使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)简单，通(tong)(tong)用(yong)性比较强，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)余量(liang)少(shao)，而达到的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度非常高，因此广泛地应用(yong)在机器和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)的(de)(de)制(zhi)造及机械设(she)备的(de)(de)修理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中。通(tong)(tong)常机床的(de)(de)导轨、拖板，滑动轴承(cheng)的(de)(de)轴瓦都是用(yong)刮(gua)研(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)方法(fa)作精(jing)(jing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)而成的(de)(de)。

     平(ping)面(mian)(mian)刮(gua)研铲刮(gua)的质量有两个指标(biao)。一个是几何形状，如(ru)垂直(zhi)度、平(ping)面(mian)(mian)度和(he)厚度尺寸(cun)。另一个指标(biao)是表(biao)面(mian)(mian)质量，表(biao)面(mian)(mian)质量常用研点法(fa)(fa)，用标(biao)准平(ping)板或与其相配(pei)合(he)的零(ling)件对刮(gua)研面(mian)(mian)进行研点。方法(fa)(fa)是使用25×25mm方框，放在被检表(biao)面(mian)(mian)，检查方框内的点数。